 |
VII International Symposium |
 |
|
VII International Symposium |
|
| Preface | iii |
| Introductory Material | v |
| Table of Contents | xiii |
| Chapter One: Biological Control Theory and Host-specificity |
| On insect-plant associations in agriculture and the selection of agents
for weed biocontrol (Abstract) G. B. Dennill and V. C. Moran |
3 | |
| Application of modeling to biological weed control D. Cloutier and A. K. Watson |
5 | |
| Plant life history and the success of weed biological control projects M. J. Crawley |
17 | |
| Current problems in host-specificity screening J. M. Cullen |
27 | |
| Why a gall former can be a good biocontrol agent: the gall wasp Trichilogaster
acaciaelongifoliae and the weed Acacia longifolia (Abstract) G. B. Dennill |
37 | |
| Feeding strategy, coexistence and impact of insects in spotted knapweed capitulae P. Harris |
39 | |
| Flowering plants as sources of food for parasitic and predatory insects (Abstract) E. Hassan |
49 | |
| New factors of efficiency of phytophages: a solitary population wave and succession
process O. V. Kovalev |
51 | |
| Ecological mechanisms underlaying successful biological weed control: field
experiments with ragwort, Senecio jacobaea P. B. McEvoy, C. S. Cox, R. R. James and N. T. Rudd |
55 | |
| The ability of plants to compensate for insect attack: why biological control of weeds
with insects is so difficult J. H. Myers, C. Risley and R. Eng |
67 | |
| Insect associations on leafy spurge in Europe: implications for strategies for
releases of biological control agents in North America P. Pecora and P. H. Dunn |
75 | |
| Host-speciality and morphological variation in Epitirmerus tarazaci (Acarina:
Eriophyoidea) (Abstract) R. Petanovic |
83 | |
| Problems which arise with host-specificity testing of insects R. C. H. Shepherd |
85 | |
| Evaluation of biological control projects C. A. Tisdell and B. A. Auld |
93 | |
| Biological control, a component of integrated weed management A. K. Watson and L. A. Wymore |
101 |
Chapter Two: Regulations and Conflict-of-Interest
| United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) safeguards for introducing
natural enemies for biological control of weeds P. J. Lima |
109 | |
| Echium in Australia: the conflict continues (Abstract) E. S. Delfoss |
117 | |
| Impact of the cinnabar moth (Tyria jacobaeae) on Senecio
triangularis, a non-target native plant in Oregon J. W. Diehl and P. B. McEvoy |
119 | |
| Environmental protection procedures and the biological control programme
against gorse in New England R. L. Hil |
127 |
| A plant’s response to herbivory: the tradeoff between defense and
regrowth E. van der Meijden |
137 | |
| Chemotaxonomic affinities of Eurasian leafy spurges (Euphorbia spp.) in
relation to a biological control program P. G. Mahlberg |
145 |
| A new biological control programme against thistles of the genus Onopordum
in Australia D. T. Briese |
155 | |
| A comparison between the flower-head insect communities of South African Berkheya
and European Cynareae M. M.. Clark |
165 | |
| Host damage by Pterolonche inspersa (Lepidoptera: Pterolonchidae)
and Bangasternus fausti (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on diffuse knapweed (Centaurea
diffusa) (Abstact) P. H. Dunn and G. Campobasso |
171 | |
| The potential of Larinus planus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an
accidentally-introduced insect in North America, for biological control of Cirsium
arvense (Compositae) A. S. McClay |
173 | |
| An experimental and phytocentric approach for selecting effective
biological control agents: insects on spotted and diffuse knapweed, Centaurea maculosa
and C. diffusa (Compositae) H. Muller |
181 | |
| Propagation of Cirsium douglasii and C. andrewsii by tissue
culture for use as test plants in biological control of weed research P. L. Pasqualetto and P. H. Dunn |
191 | |
| The functional forms of density-dependent birth and death rates in diffuse
knapweed (Centaurea affinis) explain why it has not been controlled by Urophora
affinis, U. quadrifasciata and Sphenoptera jugoslavica R. D. Powell |
195 | |
| Density and survival of introduced populations of Urophora stylata
(Diptera: Tephriridae) in Cirsium vulgare (Compositae) in Canada, compared with
native populations M. Redfern and R. A. D. Cameron |
203 | |
| The importance of insect herbivores relative to other limiting factors on weed
population dynamics: a case study of Carduus nutans A. W. Sheppard, J. M. Cullen, J. P. Aeschlimann, J. L. Sagliocco and J. Vitou |
211 | |
| Modification of flowerheads of diffuse knapweed by the gall-inducers Urophora
affinis and U. quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) J. D. Shorthouse |
221 | |
| Resource use and population dynamics of insects in flowerheads of Arctium and
related Compositae (Abstract) N. A. Straw |
229 | |
| Host-specificity studies of Chaetorellia australis (Diptera: Tephritidae), a
prospective biological control agent for yellow starthistle, Centaruea solstitalis
(Asteraceae) C. E. Turner, R. Sobhian and D. M. Maddoz |
231 |
| Biological control of aquatic and wetland weeds in the southeastern U. S T. D. Center, A. F. Confrancesco and J. K.Balciunas |
239 | |
| Biological control of aquatic weeds in South Africa-an interim report C. J. Cilliers |
263 | |
| Available feeding niches in populations of Lythrum salicaria (purple
loosestrife) in the northeastern United States S. D. Hight |
269 | |
| Biological control of aquatic weeds in Egypt using the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) A. F. Khattab and Z. A. El-Gharably |
279 | |
| Control of Salvinia molesta in Sri Lanka by Cytobagous salviniae
P.M. Room, G. A. Gunatilaka, P. Shicanathan and I. V. S. Fernando |
285 |
| Brazilian peppertree- Prospects for biological control F. D. Bennett, L. Crestana, D. H. Habeck and E. Berti-Filho |
293 | |
| Biological control of tansy ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) in Western
Oregon, U. S. A., 1975-87 R. E. Brown |
299 | |
| Prospects for biological control of salt cedar (Tamarix spp.) in
riparian habitats of the southwestern United States C. J. DeLoach |
307 | |
| Progress towards biological control of ragwort in Australia R. P. Field |
315 | |
| Photoperiod and reproductive diapause in the St. John’s wort beetle, Chrtsolina
hyperici B. R. Fraser and R. M. Emberson |
323 | |
| Insects associated with poison ivy and their potential as biological
control agents D. H. Habeck |
329 | |
| Conventional and novel graphs for evaluating herbivore damage on
plants:the biological contorl of Sesbania punicea (Fabaceae) (Abstact) J. H. Hoffmann and V. C. Moran |
347 | |
| The seed-attacking wasp Bruchophagus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eutytomidae) and its
potential for biological control of Acacia longifolia in South Africa R. L. Kluge |
349 | |
| Present status of biological control of the weed gorse (Ulex europaeus) in
Hawaii G. P. Markin and E. R. Yoshioka |
357 | |
| Work towards biological control fo Lantana camara: perspectives S. Neser and C. J. Cilliers |
363 | |
| Progress and prospects for the biological control of two solanum weeds in South Africa S. Nesser, H. G. Zimmermann, H. E. Erb and J. H. Hoffmann |
371 |
| Reproductive potential in terms of quantitative food utilization of Zygogramma
bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomilidae) on Parthenium hysterophorous
(Asteraceae) R. S. Annadurae |
385 | |
| Ovipositional and feeding habits in cactophagous pyralids: predictions for
biological control of cactus weeds in southern Africa J. H. Hoffmann and H. G. Zimmermann |
395 | |
| Distribution of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae and bionomics and
consumption and utilization of food by Paraeuchaetes pseudoinsulata (Lepidoptera:
Arctiidae) in India R. Muniappan, V. T. Sundaramurthy and C. A. Viraktamath |
401 | |
| Scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforatal)- a new target weed for
biological control D. P. Peschken, A. G. Thomas, G. G. Bowes and D. W. Douglas |
411 | |
| The taxonomy of North American leafy spurge A. Radcliffe-Smith |
417 | |
| Prospects for the biological control of Rumex species in Australia J. K. Scott |
425 | |
| The utilization of an invador cactus weed as part of an integrated control
approach H. G. Zimmermann |
429 |
| Potential for Xanthium spinosum control by Colletotrichem
orbiculare as a mycongerbicide B. A. Auld, C. F. McRae and M. M. Say |
435 | |
| Comparison of Puccinia spp. from Carduus thistles using
isozyme analysis W. L. Bruckart and G. L. Peterson |
445 | |
| Aspects of the biology of the spear thistle rust fungus in Victoria,
Australia E. Bruzzese, R. J. Buxton and J. Heap |
449 | |
| Assessment of efficacy of mycoherbicide candidates R. Charudattan |
455 | |
| Pathogenicity and host-specificity of Pleospora papaveracea, a
candidate for biological control of poppy (Papaver rhoes) P. Del Serrone and T. Annesi |
465 | |
| Employment of pathogens to constrain growth of undesirable forest
vegetation C. E. Dorworth |
471 | |
| Preliminary assessment of fungal pathogens as biological control agents
for Rottoboellia cochinchinenses (Gramineae) C. A. Ellison and H. C. Evans |
477 | |
| Biological control of waterhyacinth with fungal plant pathogens in Egypt M. A. Elwakil, E. A. Sadik, E. A. Fayzalla and Y. M. Shabana |
483 | |
| Field experiment with the European knapweed rust (Puccinia jaceae)
on safflower, sweet sultan and bachelor’s button S. Hasan, P. Chaboudez and K. Mortensen |
499 | |
| Ramularia rubella- a potential mycoherbicide to control Rumex weeds
(Abstract) G. Huber-Meinicke, G. Defago and L. Sedlar |
451 | |
| Colletotrichem gloeosporioides f. sp. malvae as a
bioherbicide for round-leaved mallow (Malva pusilla): conditions for successful
control in the field R. M. D. Makowski and K. Mortensen |
513 | |
| Field efficacy at different concentrations of Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides f. sp. malvae as a bioherbicide for round-leaved mallow (Malva
pusilla) K. Mortensen and R. M. D. Makowski |
523 | |
| Biological control of Parthenium weeds using two rust fungi A. Parker |
531 | |
| Rust (Puccinia canaliculata) and nutsedges (Cyperus sp.) S. C. Phatak |
539 | |
| Control of Prunus serotina in forests with the endemic fungus Chondrostereum
purpureum P. C. Scheepens and A. Hoogerbrugge |
545 | |
| Perspectives on mycoherbicides two decades after discovery of the Collego pathogen G. E. Templeton, R. J. Smith, Jr., and D. O. TeBeest |
553 | |
| Factors in the infection process of fungal pathogens for biological control of weeds C. G. VanDyke |
559 | |
| Field testing of two Bipolaris spp. as mycoherbicides for Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) R. S. Winder and C. G. Van Dyke |
565 | |
| Control of milkweed (Euphorbia heterophylla) with Helminthosporium sp. J. T. Yorinori and D. L. P. Gazziero |
571 |
| Biology of Trichobaris bridwelli (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a
possible agent for the biological control of Jimsonweed, Datura stramonium
(Solanaceae) (Abstract) J. P. Cuda and H. R. Burke |
579 | |
| Biological agents limiting the development of Sorghum halepense G. Domenichini, C. Nazzaro and E. Mazzoni |
581 | |
| Using remote sensing for detecting brush and weeds on rangeland in the
southwestern United States J. H. Everitt, C. J. DeLoach, and W. G. Hart |
585 | |
| Apthona abdominalis (Coleoptera: Chrysomilidae): a candidate
biological control agent for leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) "complex"
control in the U. S. A. (Abstract) L. Fornasari and M. Stazi |
595 | |
| Investigations on the Pegomya argyrocephala complex of species
(Diptera: Anthomyiidae) to select candidate biolgical control agents for leagy and cypress
spurge in North America A. Gassmann |
597 | |
| Arthropod and phytopathogen natural enemies of several weeds in Turkey O. V. Gursoy |
609 | |
| Influence of temperature on development of Zygogramma suturalis- an
insect used to control Ambrosia artemisifolia J. Igrc |
613 | |
| Biological control of weeds in Virginia from 1969-1986 L. T. Kok |
623 | |
| When you have seen one redwood, you have not seen them all. (Abstract) R. Leen |
631 | |
| New problems in weed control in Italy G. Marocchi |
633 | |
| The phytophagous insect fauna of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in
Yugoslavia M. Maceljski and J. Igrc |
639 | |
| Relevance of seed kill for the control of annual grass weeds in crops R. W. Medd and H. I. Ridings |
645 | |
| Northeast Asia as a source of biological control agents for North America
weeds R. W. Pemberton |
651 | |
| Biological control of weeds in Romania T. Perju |
659 | |
| Southern African moths for the control of British bracken V. K. Rashbrook, J. H. Lawton and S. G. Compton |
663 | |
| A review of biological control of Australian weeds of South African origin
(Abstract) J. K. Scott and E. S. Delfosse |
671 | |
| Scientific treatise on insect species of biological value in controlling
common weeds in Egypt (Abstract) F. F. Shalaby |
673 | |
| Biological control of forest weeds: Canadian research efforts P. Singh |
675 | |
| The biological control programme for Cryptostegia grandiflora in
Australia A. J. Tomley |
685 | |
| Biological control of weeds in China R. Wang |
689 | |
| List of Participants | 695 | |
| Symposium Photograph | 700 |